Thursday 25 April 2013

Acknowledgements - ANZAC DAY - 25th April 2013

My very grateful thanks to the following:

Nelson Library (East Lancashire) - History Department

Roger Hull of Liverpool Records Office

Clive Bettington of the Jewish East End Celebration Society - they are currently raising funds to provide a statue to commemorate the poet Isaac Rosenberg who was killed during the First World War and have launched an Appeal - full details on www.jeecs.org.uk/rosenberg.html

The Archivist at Downe House School in Berkshire

Dr. J. Whittredge and Professor G. Dawe of Trinity College, Dublin.

Professor G. Williams from Bangor University, Wales

Thank you all so much - your support and encouragement is greatly appreciated.


Monday 22 April 2013

Revised List May 2013


FEMALE POETS OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR

As my research has progressed, it has become very clear that there were far more women who wrote poetry during the 1914 - 1918 period than the few mentioned in many of the anthologies compiled so far.   I feel strongly that their voices deserve to be heard.

REVISED LIST MAY 2013

BRITAIN

Margot Robert ADAMSON
Georgette AGNEW
Marian ALLEN
Jessie Annie ANDERSON (b. 1861 - Scottish
Lilian M. ANDERSON
Marion ANGUS (1866 - 1946) - Scottish

Edith BAGNOLD (27th October 1889 - 31st March 1981) (Nurse then driver in France)
Rachel BATES (Wirral)
Dorothy Julie BAYNES
Mary BEAZLEY
Madeline Ida BEDFORD
Janet BEGBIE
Maud Anna BELL (Serbian Relief Fund)
Frances BELLERBY (1899 – 1975)
Stella BENSON (1892 - 1933)
Matilda BETHAM-EDWARDS
Nora BOMFORD
Mary BOOTH 
Lilian BOWES LYON (1895 - 1949)
Mary Elizabeth BOYLE (brother killed in opening days of the War)
Catherine BRIDSON (Wirral)
Beatrix BRICE MILLER (d. c. 1958) - helper with the BEF in 1914
Sybil BRISTOWE (brother killed early 1917)
Vera BRITTAIN (1896 - 1970) (Nurse - VAD - Brother killed in Italy)
Alice Mary BUCKTON (1867 - 1944) (Emigrated to South Africa)

C.A.L.T.
May WEDDERBURN-CANNAN (1893 - 1973) (VAD + Intelligence Service; engaged to Bevil Quiller-Couch)
Elizabeth CHANDLER FORMAN
Mary G. CHERRY
Frances A. CHESTERTON (1869 - 1938)
Mary  CHOLMONDELEY (niece of Stella Benson) (8.6.1859 – 15.07.1925) (worked as a clerk in Carlton House Terrace Hospital)
Agatha CHRISTIE (nee Miller) (1890 – 1976 VAD Torquay)
Isabel C. CLARKE (born Plymouth)
Alice E. COLLINGE (1869 – 1960)
Mary Gabrielle COLLINS
Frances CORNFORD (1886 – 1960)
Margaret CROPPER
Nancy CUNARD (1896 - 1965)

Elizabeth DARYUSH (Daughter of Robert Bridges) (1887 - 1976)
Helena DEREZINSKA (Lancashire)
Helen DIRCKS
Eva DOBELL (1867 - 1963) (Niece of poet Sydney Dobell) (Nurse)
Sarah DOUDNEY (1841 - 1926)
O. DOUGLAS (Pen name of Anna Masterfar BUCHAN - John Buchan's sister)
Agnes E. DREY (Lancashire)

Helen Parry EDEN (1885 -

Agnes FALCONER
Eleanor FARJEON (London; 1881 - 1965)
V. Helen FRIEDLAENDER

Lilian GARD
Alexandra Ethelreda GRANTHAM (eldest son killed WW1)
Nora GRIFFITHS
I. GRINDLEY (Queen Mary's Army Auxilliary Corps)
Diana GURNEY
Dorothy Frances GURNEY (1858 - 1932)

Cicely HAMILTON (1872 - 1952) (organised nursing care; joined Army Aux. entertained troops)
Helen HAMILTON
Isabel WESTCOTT HARPER
Ada May HARRISON
Agnes CROZIER HERBERTSON
May HERSHEL-CLARKE
Ethel M. HEWITT
Constance HOLLAR
Winifred HOLTBY (Nursed in France)
Theresa HOOLEY
Violet HUNT
Isobel W. HUTCHISON
Mildred HUXLEY

Catherine M. JACKSON (Wirral)
Violet JACOB ( 1863 - 1947 Born Violet Kennedy-Erskine in Scotland m. Major Arthur Jacob of 20th Hussars - son killed on the Somme 1916)
Storm JAMESON
Elinor JENKINS (1893 - 1920)

Edith A. KAHIA (Lancashire)
Anna GORDON KEOWN
Annie L. KNOWLES (Lancashire)

Margery LAWRENCE
Winifred M. LETTS (1882 - 1972)
Olive E. LINDS
Geraldine E. LYSTER (Lancashire)

Irene Rutherford McLEOD
Dame Rose MACAULAY (1881 - 1958) (Descendent of Lord Macaulay)
Helen MACKAY (1891 - 1965)
Nina MACDONALD
Miss Isobel MARCHBANK
Nina MARDEL (VAD)
Alice MAUD
Charlotte MEW
Alice MEYNELL (1847 - 1922)
Olga MILLER (nee KATZIN) 1896 -
Sophie MILLER
Frances Evelyn MILLETT
Miss G.M. MITCHELL
Lady Gertrude MOBERLEY (1860 -

Edith NESBIT (1858 - 1924) (m. BLAND)
Eileen NEWTON
The Honourable Eleanour NORTON (1881 - )
Grace FALLOW NORTON (1876 - 1926)

Moira O'NEILL (1864 - 1955)
Carola OMAN (1897 - 1978) Nurse with Red + Western Front 1916 - 1919 m. Sir Geralde Lenanton
Emily ORR
Florence OVERTON (Lancashire)

Margaret PETERSON (1883 - 1933.  Pen name:  Glint Green)
Ruth PITTER (7 November 1897 - 29 February 1992) (Worked at the War Office 1915 - 1917
Jessie POPE (18.3.1868 - 14.12.1941 - b, Leicester m. Babington Lenton
Dame Margaret POSTGATE COLE (1893 - 1980)
Irene R. POTTER
Mary PRALL
Marjorie PRATT
Louise PRIOR

Inez QUILTER 

Dollie RADFORD (nee Maitland) (1858 – 1920)
Dorothy Una RATCLIFFE (1887 - 1967 b. Yorkshire)
Constance Ada RENSHAW (Sheffield. 1891 - 1964)
Dorothy RICHARDSON (b. Abingdon 17th May 1873 - d. Beckenham 17th June 1957. m. Alan Odle 1917)
Ursula ROBERTS (1887 - 1975) (b. India; educated Highgate and London University) Pen name Susan MILES)
Margaret E. ROWNTREE (nee Fish m. 1926) (Born Fleetwood 1899 - 1983)

Lady Margaret SACKVILLE
Vita SACKVILLE-WEST (1892 - 1962)
Dorothy L. SAYERS
Ethel SCHEFFAUER
Lady Aimee BYNG SCOTT (1868 - 1953)
Edith HOPE-SCOTT (Lancashire)
Fredegond SHOVE (nee MAITLAND) (1889 – 1949)
May SINCLAIR (born Rock Ferry, Wirral 1865 - 1946) Nurse in France 1914
Edith SITWELL (born Scarborough 1887 - 1964)
Cicely FOX SMITH (Born Lymm, Cheshire; educated Manchester)
Stevie SMITH (1902 - 1971) "Not waving but drowning"
Freya STARK (1893 - 1993)
Dorothy Margaret STEWART
Suzanne STONE
Marie Carmichael STOPES (1880 - 1954) (First female science lecturer at Manchester University)
Muriel STUART (  - 1967) (Founded P.E.N. Club in 1921)
Millicent SUTHERLAND ((1867 - 1955)(Milicent Gower, Duchess of Sutherland) (Nurse in France. Painted by Victor Tardieu)
Mary SYMON (Scottish)

Emily HOWSON TAYLOR (1879 -
Gwen TAYLOR 
Rachel Annand TAYLOR (1876 - 1960)
Ruth TAYLOR 
Judith BRUNDRETT-TWESDALE
Joan THOMPSON (With the Red Cross to France)
Aelfrida TILLYARD (1883 - 
Iris TREE (1897 - 1968) (Bloomsbury Group - friend of Nancy Cunard)
Alys FANE TROTTER (1863 - 1962) lived in South Africa during 1890s
Ada TYRELL

Evelyn UNDERHILL   (worked with SSAFA and Naval Intelligence)

Alberta VICKRIDGE (b. Bradford, Educated Bradford Girls' Grammar. VAD nurse)
Viviane VERNE

Sylvia TOWNSEND WARNER (1893 -   ) Worked in Munitions Factory
Mary WEBB (1881 - 1927 b. Leighton, nr. Wrekin, Shropshire; educated Southport)
Mary Morison WEBSTER
M. Winifred WEDGWOOD (VAD)
Dorothy WELLESLEY (1889 - 1956) 
Catherine DURNING WHETHAM (Devon)
Lucy WHITMELL
Anna WICKHAM (1884 - 1947)
Carolyn Crosby WILSON
Marjorie WILSON
Margaret L. WOODS
Elizabeth WORDSWORTH (1840 - 1932)


AMERICAN

Zoe AKINS (1886 - 1958)
Margaret Steele ANDERSON (1867 - 1921)

Karle Wilson BAKER (1878 - 1960)
Djuna BARNES (1892 - 1982)
Natalie Clifford BARNEY (1876 - 1972; lived in Paris for over 60 years)
Pauline BARRINGTON (1876 - 
Katharine Lee BATES (12.081859 - 28.03.1929: "America the Beautiful")
Louise BOGAN (1897 - 1970)
Mary BORDEN (lived in England.  Mobile hospital in France)
Amelia Josephine BURR (1878 - 1968)

Nancy CAMPBELL
Grace ELLERHY CHANNING (1862 - 1937; France and Italy as a War Correspondent)
Florence van Leer Earle Nicholson COATES (1850 - 1927)
Helen Gray CONE (1859 - 1934)
Grace Hazard CONKLING (1878 - 1958)
Adelaide CRAPSEY
Charlotte Holmes CRAWFORD

Olive TILFORD DARGAN
Mary Carolyn DAVIES
Hilda Dolittle or H.D. (1886 - 1961)
Vita DUTTON-SCUDDER (1861 - 1954)

Gabrielle ELLIOTT (American Fund for French Wounded; Nursing Committee for the Council of National Defence)

S. Gertrude FORD
Lena GILBERT BROWN FORD

Theodosia GARRISON
Charlotte Perkins GILMAN (1860 - 1935)
Muriel Elsie GRAHAM (1909 - 1987)
Louise Imogen GUINEY (1861 - 1920)

Mary M.J. HENDERSON (Lived in UK. Went to Russia and Serbia with Elsa Inglis)
Alice Corbin HENDERSON (1881 - 1949)
Katherine HOWARD

Amy LOWELL (1874 - 1925)

Florence RIPLEY MASTIN
Moina BELLE MICHAEL (The Poppy Lady)
Ruth Comfort MITCHELL
Edna St. Vincent MILLAY
Harriet MONROE  (Founded and edited "Poetry" the first American poetry magazine) 
Marianne MOORE (1887 - 1972)
Aline MURRAY (1888 - 1941)

Grace Fallow NORTON (1876 - 1962)

Dorothy PARKER (1893 - 1967)
Marge PIERCY

Lizette WOODWORTH REESE (1856 - 1935)
Laura E.  Howe RICHARDS (1850 - 1943)
Edith Grenstead ROCHESTER
Edith RUTTER-LEATHAM

Vida Dutton SCUDDER (1861 - 1954)
Gertrude STEIN (1874 - 1946)
Charlotte PERKINS STETSON

Sarah TEASDALE
Lesbia THANET
Edith M. THOMAS (1854 - 1925)
Rose Hartwick THORPE (1850 - 1939)

Marie van VORST (Organised American Ambulance Corps; set up workshops in Rome)
Grace O. VANAMEE (1876 - 1946)

Mrs G.O. WARREN
Edith WHARTON (1862 - 1937) (Paris WW1 - nursed)
Ella WHEELER WILCOX (1850 - 1919) (To the Western Front in 1918)
Margaret WIDDAMER
Margaret ADELAIDE WILSON


AUSTRIA

*Ingeborg BACHMANN (1926 - 1973)
* Ingeborg is here because I have not yet found any Austrian First World War poets and by kind permission and suggestion of Mike Lyons, who translated some of Ingeborg's poems.

AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN EMPIRE

Rose Auslander (11.05.1901 – 03.01.1988)

AUSTRALIA

Emily BULCOCK (1877 - 1969)
Ada CAMBRIDGE A.C. (1844 - 1926)
Violet B. CRAMER
Zora CROSS (1890 - 1964)
Edith May ENGLAND (1899 - 1979)
Nellie EVANS (1883 - 1944)
May Hannay FOOT (1846 - 1918)
Mary Elizabeth FULLERTON (1868 - 1946)
Dame Mary GILMORE (1965 - 1962)
Lesbia HARFORD (1891 - 1927)
Winsome JENNINGS
Alice GORE JONES (1887 - 1961)
Marion KNOWLES
Dorothea McKELLAR
Nina MURDOCK (1890 - 1976)
Agnes ROSE-SOLEY
Ethel TURNER (1870 - 1958 - born Doncaster, England)
Elizabeth von AMIN (1866 - 1941)


BELGIAN

Marie NIZET
Alice NAHON (1896 - 1938)

BRAZILIAN
Brazil declared war on Germany on 26th October 1917

Cora Coralina (20 August 1889 – 10 April 1985)
Cecilia Meireles (7.11.1901 – 9.11.1964)
Adaligsa Nery (29.10.1905 – 7.6.1980)

 BULGARIA


Bulgaria, which at that time was still recovering from the effects of previous wars, joined WW1 on the side of the Central Powers from 15th October 1915 when war was declared on Serbia until 30th September 1918 when the Armistice of Thessalonica was signed.

Elisaveta BAGRYANA (1893 - 1991)
Dora GABE (1886 - 1983)

CANADIAN

Jean BLEWETT (1872 - 1934)
Helene Jane COLEMAN (1860 - 1953)
Marie JOUSSAYE (1864 - 1949)
Susan Frances HARRISON (1859 - 1935)
Norah M. HOLLAND (1876 - 1925)
Isabel MACKAY (Isabel Ecclestone - 1875 - 1928)
Lucy Maud MONTGOMERY (1874 - 1942)
Marjorie L.C. PICKTHALL (1883 - 1922)
Isabella WATSON (Poem about Edith Cavell)


CHILEAN 
Chile helped the Allied cause by seizing the German-owned Nitrate and Copper mines

Gabriela MISTRAL (1889 - 1957 - pen name of Lucila Godoy Alcayaga)

CHINESE
China sent a large contingent of workers to help 'behind the scenes'.  They also helped clear up the aftermath.  Many of them died and they are commemorated in a special cemetery

Bing XIN

DUTCH

Agnita FEIS
Henriette ROLAND HOLST (1869 - 1952)
Augusta PEAUX (1859 - 1944)
Giza RITSCHL (1869 - 1942)
Nine van der SCHAAF (1882 - 1973)
Margo SHARTEN-ANTINK
Helene SWARTH (1859 - 1941)
Jacqueline van der WAALS (1868 - 1922)


FINLAND


Finland was part of the Russian Empire during the First World War and some of her soldiers served in the Russian Army until they declared independence on 6th December 1917.


Katri VALA (1901 - 1944)
Edith SODERGRAN (1892 - 1923)

FRENCH

Marie DAUGUET (1860 - 1942)
Lise DEHARME (1898? - 1980)
Lucie DELARUE-MARDRUS (1874 - 1945- nurse in WW1)
Marguerite DURAND (Editor of La Fronde)
Rosemonde GERARD (1886 - 1953)
Miriam HARRY (Maria Rosette SHAPIRA)
Gerard d'HOUVILLE (Nom de plume - 1875 - 1963)
Amelie MURAT (1882 - 1940)
Anna de NOAILLES (1876 - 1933)
Louisa PAULIN (1888 - 1944)
Cecile PERIN (1877 - 1959)
Cecile SAUVAGE (1883 - 1927)
Colette YVER (


GERMAN

Vicky BAUM
Anna BAHR-HILDENBERG
Isla FRANKE (1881 - 1938)
Claire GOLL (1890 - 1977)
Emily HENNINGS (1885 - 1948)
Elizabeth LANGASSER (1899 - 1950)
Berta LASK (
Thekla LINGEN
Lya MARA
Elizabeth PAULSEN
Nelly SACHS (1891 - 1970)
Else LASKER SCHULER 

HEBREW

Rachel BLUWSTEIN (Rachel ISRAEL) (1890 - 1931)

INDIAN

Nalini Bala DEVI (1898 - 1977)
Sarojini NAIDU (1879 - 1949)

IRISH

Jane BARLOW (1857 - 1917)
Eva GORE BOOTH
Elizabeth BOWEN (Downe House Pupil WW1) (1899 - 1973)
Kathleen KNOX
May O'ROURKE (Became Secretary to Thomas Hardy in 1923)
Dora SIGERSON SHORTER (1866 - 1918)
Katharine TYNAN (1861 - 1931)
Helen WADDELL


ITALIAN
Italy declared war on the Austro-Hungarian Empire on 23rd May 1915 and on Germany on 29th August 1916.

Sibilla ALERAMO (1876 - 1960)
Elena CANINO (1898 - 1939)
Amalia GUGLIELMINETTI
Ada NEGRI

JAPANESE

Fukao SUMAKO (1893 - 1974)
Akiko YOSANO (1878 - 1942)

NEW ZEALAND

Mary Ursula BETHELL (1874 - 19450
Eileen DUGGAN (1894 - 1972)
Katherine MANSFIELD (1888 - 1923)

POLISH

Maria PAWLIKOWSKA-JASNORZEWSKA (24.11.1891 Krakow – 09.07 1945 Manchester)
Magdalena SAMOZWANIEL (1894 - 1972)


PORTUGUESE 
Portugal is England's oldest ally - dating back to the time of John O'Gaunt whose daughter married the King of Portugal bringing tea and marmalade to England.  Portugal sent troops, equipment and medial personnel to help the Allies during WW1

Fernanda de CASTRO
Florbela ESPANCA
Marta MESQUITA DE CAMARA
Virginia VITORINO


ROMANIAN
Romania had been part of the Ottoman Empire but after the Russo-Turkish War of 1877 - 1878, they declared independence and joined Russia

Izabela SADOVEANU-EVAN (24.02.1870 – 06.08.1941)
Elena VACARESCU (21.9.1864 Bucharest – 17.02.1947 Paris)
Elizabeth of WIED (1843 - 1916) (Married King Carol I of Roumania)


RUSSIAN

Anna AKHMATOVA (1889 -1966 from the Ukraine)
Sophia PARNOK (1885 - 1933)
Marina TSVETAEVA (1892 - 1941)


SERBIAN

Jelena DIMITRIJEVIC (1862 - 1945)
Danica MARKOVIC (1879 - 1932)
Jelena SPIRIDONOVIC SAVIC (1890 – 974)


SOUTH AFRICAN

Edith L.M. KING (1871 - 1962)


SWEDEN

Elsa BESKOW (1874 - 1953)